Post-Thrombotic Syndrome

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What is post-thrombotic syndrome?

Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), also known as post-phlebitic syndrome, is a common chronic complication that occurs following deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It is estimated to affect between 20% and 50% of patients who have suffered a DVT, particularly in the first two years after diagnosis, with severe cases occurring in 5% to 10% of cases.

This condition occurs when a blood clot affects the valves and walls of the deep veins, leading to poor blood circulation back to the heart. This causes increased pressure in the veins (venous hypertension) and blood accumulation in the affected limb. Over time, this situation can significantly reduce quality of life, limit daily activities, and lead to additional medical expenses.

Who is this procedure for?

The procedure is recommended for patients suffering from post-thrombotic syndrome caused by deep vein thrombosis, even if the thrombosis occurred several years ago.

It is indicated for people with persistent symptoms such as:

Pain

Swelling of the legs

Heaviness in the affected limb

Skin changes

Appearance of venous ulcers

What are the signs of post-thrombotic syndrome?

The manifestations of post-thrombotic syndrome usually appear in the area of the limb affected by deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and can vary in intensity from mild to severe. The most common symptoms include:
Persistent discomfort or dull pain, accompanied by a feeling of heaviness or severe fatigue in the affected limb

Localized edema (swelling)

Muscle spasms, cramps, or tingling sensations

Skin that becomes red, irritated, or changes color

Sensory disturbances similar to fine pricks (“pins and needles”)

In severe cases, skin thickening, visible vein dilations (varicose veins), or venous ulcers may occur

Advantages of treatment for post-thrombotic syndrome

Symptom relief:

Minimally invasive treatment can significantly reduce—and sometimes even completely eliminate—clinical manifestations such as swelling, pain, or heaviness in the affected limb.

Improved venous circulation:

Using modern techniques, effective blood flow can be restored in areas affected by thrombosis, promoting normal vein function.

Prevention of complications:

The treatments applied help to avoid serious long-term problems such as venous ulcers and other consequences of chronic circulatory insufficiency.

Fast and comfortable recovery:

As this is a minimally invasive procedure, recovery time is short and the impact on daily activities is minimal.

When is venous stenting recommended?

This procedure is particularly recommended for patients who:

Have severe forms of post-thrombotic syndrome that cannot be controlled by conservative methods (e.g., compression stockings or medication)

Have significant venous stenosis (narrowing or blockage of a vein) in the area affected by DVT

Have persistent or worsening symptoms that affect circulation and quality of life

Patient preparation

Before the procedure, a detailed medical evaluation is essential, which may include:

Doppler ultrasound: to visualize how blood flows through the veins and to locate any obstructions

Clinical consultation: involves assessing symptoms and medical history

Blood tests: to rule out other conditions or risks associated with the procedure

How is the procedure performed?

Vein stenting is an image-guided endovascular procedure that involves the following steps:

Local anesthesia or mild sedation:
The patient remains conscious, and the procedure is performed under conditions of increased comfort.
Access to the venous system:
A small incision is made in the groin or in the area of the affected vein, through which a thin catheter is inserted.
Guided navigation:
The catheter is guided using imaging technologies (X-ray, fluoroscopy, ultrasound) to the area of stenosis or blockage.
Dilation of the affected area:
If a significant narrowing is identified, it can be treated with an angioplasty balloon to open the vein.
Stent placement:
A stent—a small cylinder made of metal or biocompatible material—is inserted into the affected area to keep the vein open and prevent the blockage from recurring. The stent remains in place permanently and supports normal circulation.
Checking effectiveness:
After placement, the doctor checks whether blood flow has been restored and whether the procedure was successful, often using another Doppler ultrasound.

Post-procedure recovery

After the procedure, the patient will be monitored for several hours to ensure that there are no complications (such as bleeding or adverse reactions). Patients can usually go home the same day or after a short hospital stay, depending on their condition.
During recovery:

Anticoagulant medication may be recommended to prevent blood clots from forming.

The patient will need to follow a regimen of light exercise and avoid prolonged standing or sitting.

Regular visits to the doctor will be necessary to monitor progress and confirm the success of the procedure.

Effectiveness and prognosis

Minimally invasive stenting can significantly improve the symptoms of post-thrombotic syndrome, reducing pain, swelling, and heaviness in the lower limbs. Restoring blood flow can also prevent the formation of venous ulcers and other long-term complications.

However, long-term success depends on following medical recommendations and properly managing your overall health.

In conclusion, minimally invasive stenting is a valuable option in the treatment of post-thrombotic syndrome when conservative approaches are not effective.

Risks of post-thrombotic syndrome

Although minimally invasive methods reduce the risks associated with traditional interventions, there are still some minimal risks, such as:

Temporary discomfort at the site of the intervention

Allergic reactions to anesthetics or materials used

Risk of new blood clots forming (minimal, but present)

Minor infections at the puncture site

Why choose the VenArt Clinic?

At the VenArt Clinic, we treat post-thrombotic syndrome using minimally invasive methods, using the technique of stenting the affected veins, which allows blood flow to be restored without major surgery.

Regardless of the duration of the thrombosis, our specialists can offer customized solutions for each patient. The benefits of treatment at our clinic include: